Brown the beef: Heat 1 tablespoon olive oil in a large pot over medium-high heat. Add ground beef, season with salt and pepper, and cook until browned, 5–7 minutes.
Break it into crumbles as it cooks. If there’s excess fat, drain it.
Sauté aromatics: Add onion and a splash of oil if the pot looks dry. Cook 3–4 minutes until softened.
Stir in garlic and cook 30 seconds until fragrant.
Build the base: Stir in tomato paste and cook 1 minute to caramelize slightly. Add carrots, celery, and bell pepper. Cook 3–4 minutes to soften.
Add liquids and spices: Pour in beef broth, diced tomatoes, and tomato sauce.
Add Worcestershire, smoked paprika, oregano, thyme, red pepper flakes (if using), bay leaves, and a good pinch of salt and pepper. Stir well.
Add cabbage: Stir in chopped cabbage. It will seem like a lot at first, but it wilts down as it cooks.
Simmer: Bring to a boil, then reduce heat to medium-low.
Cover partially and simmer 25–30 minutes, until the cabbage is tender and flavors have melded.
Taste and adjust: Remove bay leaves. Taste for seasoning and add more salt, pepper, or a splash of Worcestershire if needed. If you want more body, simmer uncovered 5–10 minutes to reduce slightly.
Serve: Ladle into bowls and garnish with chopped parsley.
A squeeze of lemon can brighten it up if you like.